The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side fired two times late to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.